Mitigation and adaptation strategies for a carbon neutral grape and wine sector

The Australian grape and wine sector has committed to reducing its carbon footprint by an active mitigation policy, concentrating in the shorter-term future on Scope 1 2 emissions. Life cycle analyses for indicate that emission from growing winemaking are small at 17% 19% respectively; major contribution of 68% is do with packaging transport (Scope 3), primarily involving use glass bottles. Diesel vineyards 41% emissions may be replaced difficulty vehicle electrification and/or hydrogen power. Replacement winery grid-electricity will account 81% emissions, conversion solar currently favoured. Opportunities exist convert vineyard biomass waste streams using pyrolysis energy biochar, latter a form sequestered carbon. remaining large relates traditional packaging, inherent weight volume inefficiency increasing costs. Alternate lower enhanced recyclability offers promise. retail opportunities engage “replace, recycle, or re-use” practices reduce this footprint. shares ethical responsibility mitigate climate change, not least because impacts production.